Automated Setup Of Multi-Tier Apps Locally

Published in

AWS in Plain English

5 min readJan 12, 2023

In these tutorials, we are going to set up a multi-tier web application stack. We will use bash scripts to automate our VM provisioning through a vagrantfile.

Project Prerequisite

Vagrant
Oracle VM Virtual Box Manager
Vagrant plugins
Git
IDE

Step 1: Preparing bash scripts for VMs

Bash scripts for DB

We are going to be setting up our Database (db) machine and this will execute a shell scripts. we’ll create mysql.sh file for our database server.

#!/bin/bash
DATABASE_PASS='admin123'
sudo yum update -y
sudo yum install epel-release -y
sudo yum install git zip unzip -y
sudo yum install mariadb-server -y


# starting & enabling mariadb-server
sudo systemctl start mariadb
sudo systemctl enable mariadb
cd /tmp/
git clone -b local-setup https://github.com/devopshydclub/vprofile-project.git
#restore the dump file for the application
sudo mysqladmin -u root password "$DATABASE_PASS"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('$DATABASE_PASS') WHERE User='root'"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host NOT IN ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1')"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User=''"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "DELETE FROM mysql.db WHERE Db='test' OR Db='test\_%'"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "create database accounts"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "grant all privileges on accounts.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' identified by 'admin123'"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "grant all privileges on accounts.* TO 'admin'@'%' identified by 'admin123'"
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" accounts < /tmp/vprofile-project/src/main/resources/db_backup.sql
sudo mysql -u root -p"$DATABASE_PASS" -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES"

# Restart mariadb-server
sudo systemctl restart mariadb


#starting the firewall and allowing the mariadb to access from port no. 3306
sudo systemctl start firewalld
sudo systemctl enable firewalld
sudo firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo systemctl restart mariadb

Bash script for Memecached

Next we will create a memecached.sh to provision our memcached server.

#!/bin/bash
sudo yum install epel-release -y
sudo yum install memcached -y
sudo systemctl start memcached
sudo systemctl enable memcached
sudo systemctl status memcached
sudo memcached -p 11211 -U 11111 -u memcached -d

Bash script for RabbitMQ

Next we will create a rabbitmq.sh file for RabbitMQ server.

#!/bin/bash
sudo yum install epel-release -y
sudo yum update -y
sudo yum install wget -y
cd /tmp/
wget http://packages.erlang-solutions.com/erlang-solutions-2.0-1.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh erlang-solutions-2.0-1.noarch.rpm
sudo yum -y install erlang socat
curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash
sudo yum install rabbitmq-server -y
sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server
sudo systemctl enable rabbitmq-server
sudo systemctl status rabbitmq-server
sudo sh -c 'echo "[{rabbit, [{loopback_users, []}]}]." > /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config'
sudo rabbitmqctl add_user test test
sudo rabbitmqctl set_user_tags test administrator
sudo systemctl restart rabbitmq-server

Bash script for Application

Next we create tomcat.sh to provision tomcat server for our application.

TOMURL="https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.37/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.37.tar.gz"
yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk -y
yum install git maven wget -y
cd /tmp/
wget $TOMURL -O tomcatbin.tar.gz
EXTOUT=`tar xzvf tomcatbin.tar.gz`
TOMDIR=`echo $EXTOUT | cut -d '/' -f1`
useradd --shell /sbin/nologin tomcat
rsync -avzh /tmp/$TOMDIR/ /usr/local/tomcat8/
chown -R tomcat.tomcat /usr/local/tomcat8

rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service

cat <<EOT>> /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat
After=network.target

[Service]

User=tomcat
Group=tomcat

WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/tomcat8

#Environment=JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre

Environment=CATALINA_PID=/var/tomcat/%i/run/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat8
Environment=CATALINE_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat8

ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat8/bin/catalina.sh run
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat8/bin/shutdown.sh


RestartSec=10
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOT

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start tomcat
systemctl enable tomcat

git clone -b local-setup https://github.com/devopshydclub/vprofile-project.git
cd vprofile-project
mvn install
systemctl stop tomcat
sleep 60
rm -rf /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT*
cp target/vprofile-v2.war /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT.war
systemctl start tomcat
sleep 120
cp /vagrant/application.properties /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/classes/application.properties
systemctl restart tomcat

Bash script for Nginx server.

Lastly we will create nginx.sh to provision Nginx server which will forward requests to our backend application.

# adding repository and installing nginx  
apt update
apt install nginx -y
cat <<EOT > vproapp
upstream vproapp {

 server app01:8080;

}

server {

  listen 80;

location / {

  proxy_pass http://vproapp;

}

}

EOT

mv vproapp /etc/nginx/sites-available/vproapp
rm -rf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/vproapp /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/vproapp

#starting nginx service and firewall
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl restart nginx

Step2: Preparing Bash Scripts for VMs

First clone the repository

git clone https://github.com/rumeysakdogan/vprofile-project.git

We need to go to directory that our Vagrantfile exists. Before we run our VBoxes using vagrant, we need to install below plugin.

vagrant plugin install vagrant-hostmanager

After plugin installed, we can run below command to setup our VMs which will also bootstrap our servers for us

vagrant up

Bringing machine 'db01' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'mc01' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'rmq01' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'app01' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
Bringing machine 'web01' up with 'virtualbox' provider...

Our VMs are ready in VirtualBox.

Step3: Validate Application from Browser

We can validate the application using hostname given in Vagrantfile. Go to browser http://web01. Frontend is working successfully. We can login using the same username as the password.